During the early 1960s, a scientifically logical viscosity test was integrated into an enhanced bitumen grading system.
The temperature of the testing reservoir must match the average road surface temperature in direct sunlight (60° ± 0.3 °C) and the average temperature of bitumen used in asphalt blending (135 °C).
Bitumen with low penetration and high viscosity (e.g., VG40) is utilized in warmer climates to prevent flow deformation caused by the high ambient temperature. Conversely, bitumen with low viscosity and high penetration is utilized in colder regions. so that it cannot "crack" when exposed to frigid temperatures (e.g., VG10).
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